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Depression Overview

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Herbs

While many herbal remedies have been used traditionally to treat depression, the most substantial amount of scientific research has involved the following herb:

St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum)

Several studies indicate that St. John's wort may be as effective as tricyclic antidepressants, but with fewer side effects when treating mild to moderate depression (not severe or major depression). Reported side effects include gastrointestinal complaints, fatigue, and oversensitivity to sunlight. Because of potential adverse interactions, St. John's wort should not be taken in conjunction with other antidepressants or with certain medications, including indinivir (a protease inhibitor used for HIV), oral contraceptives, theophylline, warfarin, digoxin, reserpine, cyclosporine, and loperamide.

Although they have yet to be scientifically evaluated for their use in treating depression, the following are a few examples of herbs that may be recommended by professional herbalists for depression or its related symptoms:

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Acupuncture

Two randomized, controlled, clinical trials suggest that electroacupuncture may reduce symptoms of depression as effectively as amitryptiline, a tricyclic antidepressant medication. Electroacupuncture involves the application of a small electrical current through acupuncture needles. Other studies suggest that acupuncture may be effective for people with mild depression and for those with depression related to a chronic medical illness. Further research is warranted in this area.

Homeopathy

Although very few studies have examined the effectiveness of specific homeopathic therapies, professional homeopaths may consider the following remedies to alleviate the symptoms of depression based on their knowledge and experience. Before prescribing a remedy, homeopaths take into account a person's constitutional type. A constitutional type is defined as a person's physical, emotional, and psychological makeup. An experienced homeopath assesses all of these factors when determining the most appropriate treatment for each individual.

  • Ignatia -- for a sudden sense of grief or disappointment following the death of a loved one, the end of a romantic relationship, or an unexpected loss of one's job; this remedy is most appropriate for individuals who are very sad and have frequent crying spells
  • Natrum muriaticum -- for grief following the death of a loved one or sadness from the end of a romantic relationship; this remedy is most appropriate for individuals who grieve silently and desire to be alone, avoid being comforted, and are reluctant to cry in public

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Massage and Physical Therapy

Studies of formerly depressed adolescent mothers, children hospitalized for depression, and women with eating disorders, suggest that massage decreases stress hormone levels, feelings of anxiety, and symptoms of depression. Giving massage may also be beneficial for people who are depressed. Elderly volunteers with depression showed notable improvement in their symptoms when they massaged infants.

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Aromatherapy, or the use of essential oils in massage therapy, may also be of value as a supplemental treatment for depression. Theoretically, the smells of the oils elicit positive emotions through the limbic system (the area of the brain responsible for memories and emotions). However, the benefits of aromatherapy appear to be related to the relaxation effects of the treatment as well as to the recipient's belief that the treatment will be beneficial. Essential oils used during massage for depression are quite varied and include:

  • Basil (Ocimum basilicum)
  • Orange (Citrus aurantium)
  • Sandalwood (Santalum album)
  • Lemon (Citrus limonis)
  • Jasmine (Jasminum spp.)
  • Sage (Salvia officinalis)
  • Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile)
  • Peppermint (Mentha piperita)

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Reviewed: 03/2006



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